Avances científicos en relación con los edificios prefabricados de hormigón sismorresistentes

Acaban de publicarnos un artículo en Structures, revista indexada en el JCR. El trabajo lleva a cabo un análisis exhaustivo de 127 artículos para identificar las tendencias predominantes y las brechas actuales en la investigación sobre edificios prefabricados de hormigón (PCB) resistentes a los terremotos. Estos edificios ofrecen ventajas como la rapidez de construcción, la mejora de la durabilidad y la reducción de la mano de obra, pero es necesario estudiar las conexiones entre los elementos prefabricados para garantizar su resistencia sísmica.

El estudio se enmarca dentro del proyecto de investigación HYDELIFE que dirijo como investigador principal en la Universitat Politècnica de València.

Entre otras, se pueden destacar las siguientes contribuciones del trabajo:

  • Reveló la correlación entre los PCB y temas como las conexiones secas, la disipación de energía, el diseño óptimo y el colapso progresivo, lo que puso de relieve la naturaleza diversa de las investigaciones actuales en este campo.
  • Identificaron los sistemas de marcos y pantallas de rigidización como las categorías predominantes en la investigación de los PCB, siendo el enfoque tradicional de construcción moldeada in situ la referencia para determinar su rendimiento sísmico.
  • Destacó la necesidad de explorar con mayor detalle sistemas estructurales innovadores y resilientes y de adoptar metodologías de vanguardia para integrar la seguridad sísmica y la sostenibilidad de los PCB.
  • Proporcionó una hoja de ruta para futuros proyectos de investigación e informó sobre los últimos avances y tendencias en la investigación de PCB con seguridad sísmica.

La editorial permite la descarga gratuita del artículo en la siguiente dirección: https://authors.elsevier.com/sd/article/S2352-0124(23)01686-7

Abstract:

Precast concrete buildings (PCB) offer several advantages, including swift construction, exceptional quality, enhanced durability, decreased formwork requirements, and reduced labour. However, it is crucial to effectively study the connections between the various prefabricated elements that make up the structure, particularly in the face of dynamic loads and seismic actions. Extensive research has been conducted to develop seismic-resistant PCB, underscoring the necessity of exploring research approaches, identifying trends, addressing gaps, and outlining future research directions. A thorough analysis was carried out on a literature set comprising 127 articles published between 2012 and May 2023, using a three-step research process that included bibliometric search, quantitative analysis, and qualitative analysis. The primary objective was to identify prevailing research trends and pinpoint current gaps that would contribute to the advancement of future research. The scientific mapping of authors’ keywords revealed the correlation between PCB and topics such as dry connections, energy dissipation, optimal design, and progressive collapse, highlighting the diverse nature of current research in the field. Furthermore, the qualitative literature analysis demonstrated that frame and shear wall systems emerged as the predominant categories. This dominance can be attributed to the seismic performance reference being the traditional cast-in-place building approach. Nonetheless, this study brings attention to several notable research gaps. These gaps include exploring innovative, resilient structural systems in greater detail and adopting state-of-the-art methodologies that facilitate decision-making processes in integrating PCB seismic safety and sustainability. This study provides a roadmap for future research projects and reports on the latest developments and trends in seismically safe PCB research.

Keywords:

Precast concrete; Prefabricated building; Connections; Seismic design; Construction industry; Modern methods of construction; State of the art

Reference:

GUAYGUA, B.; SÁNCHEZ-GARRIDO, A.; YEPES, V. (2023). A systematic review of seismic-resistant precast concrete buildings. Structures, 58; 105598. DOI:10.1016/j.istruc.2023.105598

 

Diseño heurístico óptimo de puentes artesa y puentes losa

Viaducto St. Cloud, Francia – 2000. http://vslmex.com.mx/

En estos momentos es posible automatizar completamente el diseño óptimo de puentes usando algoritmos heurísticos. A continuación os dejo, en abierto, un capítulo de libro en el que se explica tanto la optimización de un puente de vigas artesas prefabricado como otro construido “in situ” como losa de hormigón postesado. Se trata de un trabajo incluido dentro del proyecto de investigación BRIDLIFE. Este tipo de técnicas acabarán imponiéndose en unos años en los paquetes informáticos de cálculo. Sin embargo, resulta muy importante resaltar que el proyectista es el que tiene la última palabra en el diseño.

Referencia:

Martí, J.V.; Alcalá, J.; García-Segura, T.; Yepes, V. (2016). Heuristic design of a precast-prestressed concrete U-beam and post-tensioned cast-in-place concrete slab road bridges. In: Hernández, S.; Brebbia, C.A.; de Wilde, W.P. (eds.), High Performance and Optimum Design of Structures and Materials II. WIT Transactions on The Built Environment, Vol. 166. WIT Press, pp. 17-28. ISBN: 978-1-78466-143-4.

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A first approach: Towards a sustainable civil engineering works with precast concrete solutions

I section beam. One of the most common profiles to design and build the deck bridge
I section beam. One of the most common profiles to design and build the deck bridge

LÓPEZ-VIDAL, A.; YEPES, V. (2016). A first approach: Towards a sustainable civil engineering works with precast concrete solutions. II International Conference on Concrete Sustainability, ICCS16, 13-15 June 2016, Madrid (Spain), pp. 1134-1143. ISBN: 978-84-945077-7-9

Abstract. Most of the advances carried out to set standardized methodologies to quantify the contribution to “sustainabilize” the construction are linked to buildings rather than infrastructures, and much more in particular to housing [1]. Global impact on housing are the widest and highest one, gathering the three sustainable axis: environmental (greenhouse gas emissions derived from heating or cooling to reach indoor comfort conditions), social (home is a basic need for families) and economic (it usually represents the main expense over the life of people). Meanwhile civil engineering work has not evolved as long on this topic. Although we generally refer to greater constructions, sustainable impacts are more diffused and don´t have such a direct repercussion into the citizens and daily life. For this reasons, there is no as many literature and investigation as in housing. It may implies a technical and promotional handicap to promote a higher use of precast concrete elements in a field governed by engineers that appreciate better their performance advantages. This paper is intended to describe the strengths (and weaknesses) that precast concrete construction will have into the upcoming standards for civil engineering, in order to enhance their possibilities to reach a greater market share. Sustainable indicators on current draft standards will be assessed.

Key words: precast concrete, industrialization, sustainability, civil engineering works

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Towards sustainable civil engineering works using precast concrete solutions

CV ARTICULOMost of the achieved advances related to define standardized methodologies to quantify the contribution to “sustainabilize” the construction are linked to buildings rather than infrastructures, and much more in particular to housing. Global impact on housing is the widest and highest one, gathering the three sustainable axis: environmental (greenhouse gas emissions derived from heating or cooling to reach indoor comfort  conditions), social (home is a basic need for families) and economic (it usually represents the main expense over the life of people). Meanwhile civil engineering work has not evolved as long on this topic. Although we generally refer to greater constructions, sustainable impacts are more diffused and don´t have such a direct repercussion into the citizens and daily life. For this reasons, there are not as many assessment methods for civil engineering works as there are for buildings, or even any literature regarding this field. Therefore it may implies a technical and promotional handicap to promote a higher use of precast concrete elements in a sort of constructions governed by engineers that usually appreciate better their performance advantages. This article pretends to describe the strengths that precast concrete construction will have into the upcoming standards for civil engineering works, in order to enhance their possibilities to reach a greater market share. Sustainable indicators on current draft standards will be assessed.

Reference:

López-Vidal, A.; Yepes, V. (2015). Towards sustainable civil engineering works using precast concrete solutions. Concrete Plant International, 5: 18-24. (link)

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Cost and CO2 emission optimization of precast-prestressed concrete U-beam road bridges by a hybrid glowworm swarm algorithm

Esta es la versión post-print de autor. La publicación se encuentra en: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2014.10.013, siendo el Copyright de Elsevier.

El artículo debe ser citado de la siguiente forma:

Yepes, V.; Martí, JV.; García-Segura, T. (2015). Cost and CO2 emission optimization of precast prestressed concrete U-beam road bridges by a hybrid glowworm swarm algorithm. Automation in Construction. 49:123-134. doi:10.1016/j.autcon.2014.10.013.

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