¿Cómo se pueden proyectar puentes de bajo consumo energético?

ph_vigas-artesa
Puente de vigas artesa prefabricadas. Fuente: Pacadar

¿Cómo se pueden diseñar puentes pretensados prefabricados en vigas artesa haciendo que el consumo energético para su fabricación y puesta en obra sea el mínimo posible?

Highlights

  • An automated procedure for optimizing the design of structures is presented.
  • There is a parabolic relation between the span length and the minimum energy.
  • The energy reduction has an average cost impact of 3.23€ per square meter of deck.
  • Since both criteria are dependent, 1€ reduction is equivalent to 4 kW h saving.

Abstract

S09596526An automated procedure for optimizing the design of precast-prestressed concrete U-beam road bridges is presented. The economic cost and the embodied energy are selected as the objective functions based on production materials, transport and placement. Heuristic optimization is used to search for the best geometry, the concrete type, the prestressing steel, and the reinforcement for the slab and the beam. The results for both objectives provide improved opportunities to learn about low-energy designs. The most influential variables for the energy efficiency goal are analyzed. The relationship between the span length and the embodied energy is described by a good parabolic fit for both optimization criteria. The findings indicate that the objectives do not exhibit conflicting behavior, and also that optimum energy designs are close to the optimum cost designs. The analysis also revealed that a reduction by 1 Euro can save up to 4 kWh. It is recommended to reduce the reinforcement in the slab as well as increase the volume of concrete in both slab and beams in order to achieve higher energy efficiency. It is also worth noting that web inclination angle should be increased when the depth increases for longer span lengths to maintain the optimum slab span lengths in the transverse direction.

Keywords

  • Heuristic optimization;
  • energy savings;
  • sustainable construction;
  • precast-prestressed concrete structures

 

Referencia:

MARTÍ, J.V.; GARCÍA-SEGURA, T.; YEPES, V. (2016). Structural design of precast-prestressed concrete U-beam road bridges based on embodied energy.Journal of Cleaner Production, 120:231-240. DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.02.024(link)

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Towards sustainable civil engineering works using precast concrete solutions

CV ARTICULOMost of the achieved advances related to define standardized methodologies to quantify the contribution to “sustainabilize” the construction are linked to buildings rather than infrastructures, and much more in particular to housing. Global impact on housing is the widest and highest one, gathering the three sustainable axis: environmental (greenhouse gas emissions derived from heating or cooling to reach indoor comfort  conditions), social (home is a basic need for families) and economic (it usually represents the main expense over the life of people). Meanwhile civil engineering work has not evolved as long on this topic. Although we generally refer to greater constructions, sustainable impacts are more diffused and don´t have such a direct repercussion into the citizens and daily life. For this reasons, there are not as many assessment methods for civil engineering works as there are for buildings, or even any literature regarding this field. Therefore it may implies a technical and promotional handicap to promote a higher use of precast concrete elements in a sort of constructions governed by engineers that usually appreciate better their performance advantages. This article pretends to describe the strengths that precast concrete construction will have into the upcoming standards for civil engineering works, in order to enhance their possibilities to reach a greater market share. Sustainable indicators on current draft standards will be assessed.

Reference:

López-Vidal, A.; Yepes, V. (2015). Towards sustainable civil engineering works using precast concrete solutions. Concrete Plant International, 5: 18-24. (link)

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CO2-Optimization Design of Reinforced Concrete Retaining Walls based on a VNS-Threshold Acceptance Strategy

Esta es la versión post-print de autor. La publicación se encuentra en: https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/28631, siendo el Copyright de la American Society of Civil Engineers.

El artículo debe ser citado de la siguiente forma:

Yepes, V.; Gonzalez-Vidosa, F.; Alcalá, J.; Villalba, P. (2012). CO2-Optimization Design of Reinforced Concrete Retaining Walls Based on a VNSThreshold Acceptance Strategy. JOURNAL OF COMPUTING IN CIVIL ENGINEERING. 26(3):378-386. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)CP.1943-5487.0000140.

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